• Java was developed by Sun Microsystems (SUN: Stanford University Network) founded by Vinod Khosla and others.
• The development started with a project to build software for set-top boxes.
• This project was handled by the Green Team under Sun Microsystems.
• The Green Team was led by James Gosling along with Mike Sheridan and Patrick Naughton.
• Initially, they created a programming language named Green-Talk as a solution.
• It was later renamed to Oak, inspired by an oak tree outside James Gosling's office.
• Due to trademark issues with another company named Oak, the language was renamed again.
• After a brainstorming session, the team chose the name Java, inspired by the coffee served during their meeting. The name "Java" also refers to coffee beans from the Indonesian island of Java.
• Sun Microsystems officially introduced Java in 1995.
• The Beta version was launched in 1995, followed by the first official release, JDK 1.0, in January 1996.
• The current version is JDK 23, released in September 2024.
• Four major Long-Term Support (LTS) versions of Java are:
  • JDK 8
  • JDK 11
  • JDK 17
  • JDK 21
• Significant updates introduced in Java include:
  • Lambda Expressions
  • Stream API
  • Functional Interfaces
  • Inner Classes
  • Collectors Framework
• Libraries in Java offer reusable code for specific tasks.
  • Example: React.js (though not a Java library) is used for building UI components in web development.
• Frameworks in Java provide a structured foundation using classes and interfaces to accelerate application development.
  • Examples: Spring, Hibernate, and the Java Collections Framework.